Pteroside a2a new illudanetype sesquiterpene glucoside. Worldwide relationships in the fern genus pteridium bracken. Plants of everglades national park a checklist of vascular plants introduction this list is based upon specimens in the herbarium of everglades national park, located at the south florida research center. Pdf worldwide relationships in the fern genus pteridium bracken. The most important poisonous plants in the region are brachiaria spp. Pdf influence of bracken fern pteridium caudatum l. Pteridium esculentum, commonly known as bracken fern, austral bracken or simply bracken, is a species of the bracken genus native to a number of countries in the southern hemisphere. Geographically representative sporophytes of morphotype caudatum, including the type in the linnaean herbarium, are shown using spore size, guard. Pteridium aquilinum, pteridium arachnoideum, pteridium caudatum, pteridium centraliafricanum, pteridium esculentum, pteridium falcatum, pteridium feei.
Palynological analysis of dennstaedtiaceae taxa from the. Pdf global chloroplast phylogeny and biogeography of bracken. Pdf worldwide relationships in the fern genus pteridium. Espesye sa tanom sakop sa kaulo nga tracheophyta ang pteridium caudatum. In both species the spores are covered by a threedimensional network of threads branched and fused, tangentially arranged to the surface, and some freeend threads are also. Origins and diversity of a cosmopolitan fern genus on an. Worldwide relationships in the fern genus pteridium bracken based on nuclear genome markers. Effect of fire on the germination of spores of pteridium.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using pteridium aquilinum aqueous extract and its characterization pages from 60 to 85 please purchase pdf split merge on. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Introduction bracken pteridium spp illudane glycosidess are labile biologically active terpenoids that undergo decomposition in mild alkali or acid, heat and enzymatic reactions. Dennstaedtia,hypolepis, large ferns, pteridium, southeastern brazil. The fern genus pteridium comprises a number of closely related species. The two tetraploid species, pteridium caudatum and p. Contemporary systematic treatments of the central and south american bracken ferns in the genus pteridium gled.
Two species of neotropical bracken, pteridium caudatum l. Its vigor and resistance to any kind of nonpolluting pest control result from its extensive rhizome system. Pteridium caudatum in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. The cosmopolitan species pteridium aquilinum is widespread throughout eastern north amer. Ferns pteridophyta are vascular plants that have alternating generations, large plants that produce spores and small plants that produce sex cells eggs and sperm. Gro wth of this rhizome system is strongly promoted by fire. Plants profile for pteridium caudatum southern brackenfern.
Thomson and alonsoamelot 2002 have dealt with the taxonomic status and relationships of pteridium caudatum in central and south america. Media in category pteridium caudatum this category contains only the following file. Chapter ii in vitro antioxidant activity of pteridium. Bonaparte used the same epithet that sadebeck had used in his combination p. Pdf bracken ferns genus pteridium represent an ancient species complex. Fractionation of an extract of pteridium caudatum l. Any an any search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a boolean or. Ang pteridium caudatum sakop sa kahenera nga pteridium sa kabanay nga dennstaedtiaceae. The occurrence of large numbers of male and female b. International journal of poisonous plant research publishes original papers on all aspects of poisonous plants including identification, analyses of toxins, case reports, control methods, and ecology. Hypothetically, quantitation of these weakly chromophoric. Plant species returned will not be found within at least one of the selected counties. First described as pteris esculenta by german botanist georg forster in 1786, it gained its current binomial name in 1908. Maxon in c and s america, and the analogous allotetraploid.
Preparative hplc afforded ptaquiloside z 1d and a new pteroside glucoside pteroside a2 3e. This first stage attempts to combine different alleles from a locus, based. Pteridium aquilinum bracken or common bracken is the most common species with a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring in temperate and subtropical regions throughout much of the world, including most of europe, asia, and north america in the northern hemisphere, and australia, new zealand and northern south america in the southern hemisphere. The spore morphology and wall ultrastructure of microlepia speluncae and pteridium arachnoideum from the paranaense province were analyzed with lm, sem and tem and a comparative analysis was carried out.
All an all search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a boolean and. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Bracken pteridium is a genus of large, coarse ferns in the family dennstaedtiaceae. Microlepia speluncae and pteridium arachnoideum scielo.
Relationships between two infraspecific taxa of pteridium. Phenolics and condensed tannins in relation to altitude in. Poisonous plants affecting cattle in centralwestern brazil. Sporebearing plants are capable of dispersing very long distances.
Besides geography and the distinguishing characteristics. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. That tumorprone hybrids combine genetically distant genomes was shown by naf 1958, who classified the. Before combining the variants for the diploids and tetraploids we. The threads are separated by narrow spaces and can merge completely. A natural history of bracken fern pteridium aquilinum l. Filter by county counties to exclude any versus all.
Northern hemisphere and caudatum in the southern hemisphere. While postfire regeneration of this fern apparently occurs mainly by vegetative means, little is known about the role of its spores in postfire regeneration and in colonization of newly invaded fields. Species which have been seen by the authors in everglades national park enp, but which. Clarification of the taxonomic status and relationships of. Department of agriculture agricultural research service.
One of three characteristics used by tryon to distinguish southern bracken ferns pteridium of subsp. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. An pteridium caudatum in nahilalakip ha genus nga pteridium, ngan familia nga dennstaedtiaceae. Aquilinum is latin relating to an eagle meaning eaglelike. Bracken fern pteridium aquilinum consumption, sometimes in association with papilloma viruses, has been. However, this datasheet does not separate the species as described by thomson 2000 and covers all varieties within the overarching p.
Geographically representative sporophytes of morphotype caudatum, including the type in the linnaean herbarium, are shown using spore size, guardcell length. Controversy concerning typification of the bracken fern pteridium aquilinum l. The eora people of the sydney region knew it as gurgi. Kuhn is one of the worlds most powerful weeds, especially in agricul tural areas. Clarification of the taxonomic status and relationships of pteridium caudatum dennstaedtiaceae in central and south america. Martin national herbarium of new south wales, royal botanic gardens, mrs macquaries road, sydney, nsw 2000, australia abstract. Spores samples for gametophyte cultures were taken from various sporophytes and then sown on mineral agar with thompsons media. Alonsoamelot me, rodulfobaechler s, jaimesespinoza r 1995 comparative dynamics of ptaquiloside and pterosin b in two varieties caudatum and arachnoideum of neotropical bracken fern pteridium aquilinum l. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. The plants database includes the following 3 species of pteridium. Chapter ii in vitro antioxidant activity of pteridium aquilinum l. Each of the author names, bonaparte and sadebeck, is legitimate and both can be used. Before combining the variants for the diploids and tetra ploids we. This paper describes the development of the sexual phase of the invasive fern, pteridium caudatum, from spore germination to young sporophyte formation.
Kuhn dennstaedtiaceae pages from 30 to 59 please purchase pdf split merge on. Its anglosaxon name fepern which means a feather provides the basis for the modern english name bracken and also according to some authorities the root of various. Worldwide relationships in the fern genus pteridium. These two merge into one after entering the petiole. Pteridium aquilinum an overview sciencedirect topics.